Vojenské Rozhledy

Czech Military Review

Vojenské rozhledy / Czech Military Review Nr. 4/2017, Vol. XXVI. (LVIII.): 55-67 | DOI: 10.3849/2336-2995.26.2017.04.055-068

Illegal Use of Child Soldiers - a Neglected Question in the Preparation of Professional SoldiersReviewed - Review

Jana Burešová Author profile

Use of child soldiers by rebel armed forces has been growing in recent years. In comparison to preceding conflicts, main reasons for their use have changed significantly - at the present time, children have become highly efficient psychological weapon in battles against the military from developed countries. This may have momentous consequences not only for the given children but also for professional soldiers. Fighting against child soldiers can indisputably affect the soldiers' capability to discharge their duties. Furthermore, they have to cope with many individual moral dilemmas. The article will look into potential moral aspects regarding confrontation between child soldiers and members of professional armed forces. In the following section, training of professional soldiers and preparation of military mission will be explored. Subsequently, weaknesses which are crucial to forestall in the future will be outlined.

Keywords: Armed Conflicts; Child Soldiers; Moral Dilemmas; Rules of Engagement.

Published: December 15, 2017  Show citation

ACS AIP APA ASA Harvard Chicago Chicago Notes IEEE ISO690 MLA NLM Turabian Vancouver
Burešová, J. (2017). Illegal Use of Child Soldiers - a Neglected Question in the Preparation of Professional Soldiers. Czech Military Review98(4), 55-67. doi: 10.3849/2336-2995.26.2017.04.055-068
Download citation

References

  1. CASEY-MASLEN, Stuart. The War report: armed conflict in 2013. 1st ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014. Go to original source...
  2. BRIGGS, Jimmie. Innocents Lost: When Child Soldiers Go to War. New York: Basic Books, 2005
  3. DENOV, Myria. Child Soldiers: Sierra Leone´s Revolutionary United Front. 1st ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010 Go to original source...
  4. GATES, Scott a Simon REICH, eds. Child Soldiers in the Age of Fractured States. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2010 Go to original source...
  5. ROSEN, David. Armies of the young: child soldiers in war and terrorism. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2005.
  6. BETANCOURT, Theresa Stichick, et al. Sierra Leone's Former Child Soldiers: A Follow-Up Study of Psychosocial Adjustment and Community Reintegration. Child Development. 2010, 81(4), 1077-1095 Go to original source...
  7. KLASEN, Fionna, REISSMANN, Sina, VOSS, Catharina a James OKELLO. The Guiltless Guilty: Trauma-Related Guild and Psychopathology in Former Ugandan Child Soldiers. Child Psychiatry and Human Development. 2015, 46(2), 180-193 Go to original source...
  8. THOMASON, Krista K. Guilt and Child Soldiers. Ethical Thoery and Moral Practice. 2016, 19(1), 115-127. Go to original source...
  9. DERLUYN, Ilse, VANDENHOLE, Wouter, PARMENTIER, Stephan a Cindy MELS. Victims and/or perpetrators? Towards an interdisciplinary dialogue on child soldiers. BMC International Health and Human Rights. 2015, 15 Go to original source...
  10. TYNES, Robert a Bryan R. EARLY. Governments, Rebels, and the Use of Child Soldiers in International Armed Conflicts: A Global Analysis, 1987-2007. Peace economics, peace science, and public policy. 2015, 21(1), 79-110. Go to original source...
  11. COULTER, Chris, ed. Bush Wives and Girl Soldiers. 1st ed. Cornell University Press, 2009; MAELAND, Bård. Culture, religion, and the reintegration of female child soldiers in northern Uganda. New York: Peter Lang, 2010
  12. MAZURANA, D. a S. McKAY. Child soldiers. Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists. 2001, 57(5), 30-35. Go to original source...
  13. CARMONA PARRA, Jaime Alberto, FLORENTINO, Moreno Martín a Felipe Tobón Hoyos JOHN. Universitas Psychologica. 2012, 11(3), 755-768 Go to original source...
  14. CHELPI-DEN HAMER, Magali. Youngest Recruits: pre-war, war & post-war experiences in Western Côte d'Ivoire. Amsterdam: Pallas Publications, 2010 Go to original source...
  15. HONWANA, Alcinda Manuel. Child soldiers in Africa. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006 Go to original source...
  16. RYAN, Christine. Children of war: child soldiers as victims and participants in the Sudan Civil War. London: I.B. Tauris, 2012. Go to original source...
  17. VANDEWIELE, Tiny. Optional protocol: the involvement of children in armed conflicts. Leiden; Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2006
  18. ANG, Fiona. Article 38: children in armed conflicts. Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2005.
  19. KARLIN, Beth a Richard A. MATTHEW. Kony 2012 and the Mediatization of Child Soldiers. Peace Review. 2012, 24(3), 255-261. Go to original source...
  20. HOLT, Victoria a Tobias C. BERKMAN. The Impossible mandate? Military preparedness, the responsibility to protect and modern peace operations. Washington, DC: The Henry L. Stimson Center, 2006.
  21. DALLAIRE, Roméo; WHITMAN, Shelly a a Sam HOLLAND. Innovation in the Prevention of the Use of Child Soldiers. The Roméo Dallaire Child Soldiers Initiative, 2014.
  22. SINGER, Peter Warren. Children at War. University of California Press, 2006.
  23. United Nations Assistance Mission for Rwanda (říjen 1993 - březen 1996).
  24. BELLAMY, Alexander J. Fighting Terror: Ethical Dilemmas. London: Zed Books, 2008, 5-27 Go to original source...
  25. HARBOUR, Frances. V. A just soldier's dilemma: facing a war that does not meet jus ad bellum criteria. Cambridge Review of International Affairs. 2008, 21(3), 421-435 Go to original source...
  26. SINGER, Peter Warren. Children at War. University of California Press, 2006.
  27. Dallaire 2012, cit. dle DENOV, Myria. Child Soldiers: Sierra Leone´s Revolutionary United Front. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, s. 30.
  28. BELLAMY, Alexander J. Fighting Terror: Ethical Dilemmas. London: Zed Books, 2008, 5-27 Go to original source...
  29. HARBOUR, Frances. V. A just soldier's dilemma: facing a war that does not meet jus ad bellum criteria. Cambridge Review of International Affairs. 2008, 21(3), 421-435. Go to original source...
  30. LOREY, Mark. Child Soldiers: Care & Protection of Children in Emergencies - a Field Guide. Save the Children Federation, Inc. [online]. 6. srpna 2010 [cit. 2015-12-15]. Dostupné z: http://resourcecentre.savethechildren.se/library/child-soldiers-care-protection-children-emergencies-field-guide.
  31. ADAMS, E. M. The Moral Dilemmas of the Military Profession. Public Affairs Quarterly. 1989, 3(2), 1-14.
  32. COKER, Christine. Planning in hostage rescue missions, US Operation Eagle Claw and UK Operation Barras. Military Technology. 2006, 30(9), 66-69
  33. DORMAN, Andrew M. Blair's successful war: British military intervention in Sierra Leone. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate, 2009
  34. GATES, Scott a Simon REICH, eds. Child Soldiers in the Age of Fractured States. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2010 Go to original source...
  35. MAIER, Timothy W. Children Are Being Used as Soldiers. Washingon Times Corporation: Insight on the News. 2002, 18(42), 30-31
  36. UTAS, Mats a Magnus JÖRGEL. The West Side Boys: military navigation in the Sierra Leone civil war. Journal of Modern African Studies. 2008, 46(3), 487-511. Go to original source...
  37. Holland, S. "Who will weep for them?". The Roméo Dallaire Child Soldiers Initiative Chaplain Roundtable Report, 2015.

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original publication is properly cited. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.